Armenians began settling in Kandilli from the late 18th century. As there was no permanent building, they worshipped under a tent. According to information from two inscriptions, the community had a place of worship by 1841.
The present church was built in 1846 under the leadership of Bogos Amira Ashnanyan. It was opened for worship during the patriarchate of Madteos II Çuhacıyan and was renovated in 1893 through the efforts of Parsegh Agha Ghazarosyan, the chief stove-maker. In 1962, it was repaired thanks to the benefaction of the Küpelyan brothers, Hovhannes and Harutyun. The church, which underwent another restoration in 1985, has a distinctive wooden bell tower. The walls of the baptistery are decorated with colorful porcelain tiles.
The most recent restoration was carried out in 2012, after which the church was consecrated and reopened for worship by the Patriarchal Vicar General, Archbishop Aram Ateşyan.